{"id":75369,"date":"2022-03-23T09:29:01","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T16:29:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/?page_id=75369"},"modified":"2022-08-19T15:39:42","modified_gmt":"2022-08-19T22:39:42","slug":"what-does-a-mortgage-underwriter-do","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/what-does-a-mortgage-underwriter-do\/","title":{"rendered":"What does a Mortgage Underwriter Do and Why is it Important?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s imagine you\u2019ve been preapproved for a mortgage and your offer is accepted for a home that has everything you\u2019re looking for. The house is within your budget, has the perfect number of bedrooms, and is in an ideal location &#8211; perhaps <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/city\/3105\/NC\/Charlotte\" data-wpel-link=\"exclude\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Charlotte, NC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/city\/16904\/CA\/San-Diego\" data-wpel-link=\"exclude\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Diego, CA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. So what\u2019s next? To get the mortgage, you need an underwriter\u2019s stamp of approval.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mortgage underwriting is a key component when purchasing a home. The underwriter decides whether a loan request will be approved or declined. But how? Let\u2019s discuss what a mortgage underwriter does, what the process looks like, how long it takes, and common reasons why a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/what-is-a-mortgage\/\" data-wpel-link=\"exclude\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mortgage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> loan might be denied.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-75370 size-blog-post\" src=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1-945x630.jpg\" alt=\"Modern home with a pool\" width=\"945\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1-945x630.jpg 945w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1-225x150.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1-450x300.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/2716-Geraghty-Ave-11-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What does an underwriter evaluate?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mortgage underwriters evaluate every client\u2019s file on a case-by-case basis and determine the best lender according to the client\u2019s situation and combine it with the knowledge of lenders policies in order to determine where the client will have the best chance of approval\/product according to their situation. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-John Balok, Senior Underwriter at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.groupeorbis.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Orbis Mortgage Group<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Montreal, QC<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What does a mortgage underwriter do?<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reviews income, assets, credit history, appraisal, and title work<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The loan originator inputs the borrower\u2019s information into an automated underwriting engine to receive approval or denial. Then, a mortgage underwriter reviews all of the borrower\u2019s documentation and validates the information that was input into the system. If the loan originator\u2019s job is done adequately, the underwriting process is very quick and seamless. The underwriter typically needs additional documentation &#8211; such as title work, survey, appraisal, home insurance, etc. &#8211; that was not available at the time of initial underwriting. Once those documents become available, the file is submitted back to underwriting to have all conditions cleared. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Dean Kennemer (NMLS 248739), Owner\/Broker at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/guaranteemc.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guarantee Mortgage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Mont Belvieu, TX<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fulfills requirements that vary depending on the type of loan<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An underwriter\u2019s role is to fulfill the requirements set by the type of mortgage loan you&#8217;ve been approved for, such as an FHA, Conventional, USDA, or VA loan. After running your file through an automated underwriting system, the underwriter verifies that all document requests are complete and accurate. Once those requests are complete, the underwriter will issue a \u201cClear to Close\u201d on your file, and you can then sign final closing documents on your purchase.\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Amber Kaye Baisden (NMLS 2009898), Senior Mortgage Loan Officer at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/5280loans.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5280 Loans<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Westminster, CO<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Is responsible for making the final credit decision<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The underwriter is the individual who makes the final credit decision based on income, assets, credit history, appraisal, and title work. The underwriting process can take anywhere between 1 day to 3 weeks or more depending on how much information is initially given and whether any of it requires further explanation.\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; John T. Hedrick (NMLS 1849774), Owner\/President at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/acemortgagegroup.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ace Mortgage Group LLC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Wake Forest, NC<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-75372 size-blog-post\" src=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2-788x630.jpg\" alt=\"Updated kitchen with neutral colors\" width=\"788\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2-788x630.jpg 788w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2-1024x819.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2-188x150.jpg 188w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2-375x300.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/10-Tidepool-Ln-Ln-2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 788px) 100vw, 788px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are the steps in the underwriting process?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First, the underwriter evaluates a client\u2019s credit report, income, and assets to see if they satisfy the minimum loan program requirements. Next, the underwriter sends out a list of conditions to the client containing the items needed to verify information. This process takes place while the appraisal is being handled by an appraiser. Once the appraisal and the missing items are provided to the underwriter, the file moves to a status called CTC (Clear to Close). After the CTC is achieved, the file moves to Doc Drawing. This is the phase where the loan document drawer works with the Escrow or Title Officer to prepare loan documents for the buyer to sign. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/trussfinancialgroup.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Truss Financial<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (NMLS 1252701) in Ladera Ranch, CA<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How long does the process take?<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each step can take 1-3 days<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The underwriting process typically begins a few days after a borrower has received an accepted offer during a purchase or for a refinance when a loan application is complete. Underwriters review a loan 2-4 times during the process. This includes an initial underwrite, a review of follow-up items requested after initial underwrite including the appraisal, and final approval, clearing a borrower&#8217;s loan for closing. Each of these steps can take 1-3 days. Working with an experienced loan officer who understands the process is imperative for a successful home purchase or refinance.\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Brie Fisher (NMLS 266979), Sr. Mortgage Consultant at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/belaymortgage.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Belay Mortgage Group<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Vancouver, WA<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is possible to close the buyer&#8217;s transaction in 2 weeks<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once a file is submitted, the brokerage receives approval in one business day. By doing the initial underwrite for the underwriter, brokers can close the buyer&#8217;s transaction in 2 weeks, making this an aggressive offer for the listing agent.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Lisa Marie Schwartz (NMLS 229814), President\/Mortgage Broker Owner at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/foxvalleymutual.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fox Valley Mutual<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Evergreen, CO<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reasons why a mortgage application is denied<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Income, assets, and credit history<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It boils down to the applicant&#8217;s income, assets, and credit history. Common issues surrounding income include an insufficient history of work, work hours that vary too much over a short period of time, not being able to verify overtime or bonus income, recently switching from hourly pay to commission, and recently starting a new business as primary income.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With assets, underwriters need to know where the applicant acquired the money. The sources of large deposits and gifts need to be explained and documented. A bad loan officer or loan processor can sink a loan application if they do a poor job of asking questions about an asset\u2019s source upfront.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The final factor is credit. Past derogatory credit events that can prevent loan approval include major or recent late payments, repossessions, bankruptcies, and foreclosures. A credit report is verified very early in the loan process, and every loan product has specific guidelines regarding credit history. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Larry Cappelletti (NMLS 157933), Owner\/ Senior Loan Officer at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/e5homeloans.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E5 Home Loans<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Phoenix, AZ<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If income details are not properly verified<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loan applications can be denied in the underwriting process after the initial pre-approval if income details are not properly verified. For example, I have seen a pre-approval written for an application because their income looks good on the surface but once it went into underwriting, the paystubs were analyzed and a big portion of the income was Restricted Stock Units, which many investors will not accept, and the loan needed to be flipped to a different investor.\u00a0 A good loan officer is aware of all of these aspects in order to prevent hiccups in the process.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Nathan Kowarsky (NMLS 294599), CEO at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/clearmortgagecapital.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clear Mortgage Capital<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Irvine, CA<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-75371 size-blog-post\" src=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1-945x630.jpg\" alt=\"Living room with neutral colors\" width=\"945\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1-945x630.jpg 945w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1-225x150.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1-450x300.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/189-Warren-Dr-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why is it important for lenders?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the lender\u2019s standpoint, proper underwriting ensures the loan documents, borrower eligibility, and collateral all meet agency and investor guidelines. This is important to the lender because if a deficiency is found in the documentation or file quality, the loan may not be purchased correctly. The loan may have to remain on the lender\u2019s warehouse line if not sellable, limiting how much they can lend out in the future.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ideally, with a strong, consistent underwriting platform in place, lenders are able to turn high-quality loans quickly and efficiently. The lender should be able to rely on their underwriters to ensure they are in compliance with lending regulations and guidelines as well. This helps avoid costly audits, fines, and regulatory sanctions for failing to follow guidelines. Staying in compliance is extremely important for all lenders.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/fairwaymortgagecarolinas.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fairway Mortgage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (NMLS 2289) in Charlotte, NC<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why is it important for homebuyers?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mortgage underwriting is an important step in the lending process because it guarantees that documentation provided by the borrower and\/or third parties conforms to a lender\u2019s guidelines. If your loan officer does a proper job of ensuring that your documentation meets requirements, there should be little chance of an underwriter denying your loan approval. The loan officer is the borrower\u2019s advocate, so the borrower should always be forthright in order to set themselves up for success.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Justin Boyd (NMLS 227765), Vice President &amp; Founder at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/jbmortgagegroup.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JB Mortgage Group<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Austin, TX<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The bottom line<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The process of getting a mortgage can be extremely stressful, but it doesn&#8217;t have to be. Working with the right lender and loan officer makes the experience as smooth as possible. The underwriting process is important because lenders have to verify your ability to pay back the loan. Underwriters review all income documents including W2s, tax returns, bank statements, and credit reports to determine if you qualify based on general underwriting guidelines. Once the approval is issued, the lenderl orders an appraisal of the property to make sure the home is worth what you are paying. Make sure to tell all debt obligations to your lender upfront so you can know of potential issues ahead of time.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Erez Shimoni (NMLS 460222), Loan Officer at <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/petracephas.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow external noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Petra Cephas<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Somerset, NJ<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Let\u2019s imagine you\u2019ve been preapproved for a mortgage and your offer is accepted for a home that has everything you\u2019re looking for. The house is within your budget, has the perfect number of bedrooms, and is in an ideal location &#8211; perhaps Charlotte, NC, or San Diego, CA. So what\u2019s next? To get the mortgage, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":520,"featured_media":75370,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"coauthors":[31560],"class_list":["post-75369","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Does a Mortgage Underwriter Do, Exactly? | Redfin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mortgage underwriting is a key component when purchasing a home. 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