{"id":59712,"date":"2017-10-13T05:00:16","date_gmt":"2017-10-13T12:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/redfindevelop.wpengine.com\/blog\/?p=59712"},"modified":"2020-10-03T11:32:38","modified_gmt":"2020-10-03T18:32:38","slug":"migration-patterns-show-more-people-leaving-politically-blue-counties","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/migration-patterns-show-more-people-leaving-politically-blue-counties\/","title":{"rendered":"Migration Patterns Show More People Leaving Politically Blue Counties"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the first half of 2017, more people moved from blue (Democratic) counties to red (Republican) counties than from red to blue counties, according to data on Redfin.com user searches. Counties were classified as \u201cblue\u201d if the Democratic candidate for 2016 won by more than 20 percentage points and vice versa for \u201cred\u201d counties.<\/span><sup><a id=\"ref1\" href=\"#fn1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall, 7.4 percent more people moved <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">out <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of blue counties than to them. Compare that with red counties, which saw about 1 percent more people moving <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than moving out. Purple counties, where there\u2019s a more balanced share of Democrats and Republicans, saw 3.9 percent more migrants moving in than out.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just looking at swing states\u2014the most populous being Florida\u2014the trend is even more pronounced. In these states, counties with more Democratic voters lost 9.2 percent more people than they gained while Republican counties gained 2.3 percent more than they lost. Swing counties in swing states saw 1.8 percent more people move in than out. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cAs blue counties are becoming increasingly less affordable, we see a great number of residents moving to red counties where they can afford the lifestyle they want,\u201d said Redfin chief economist Nela Richardson. \u201cAt Redfin, we see this as a sign of hope for a less divided country, where people with differing views gain better understanding and tolerance of each other through sheer proximity.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"media-59713\" class=\"align-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Purple_and_red_destinations_user_growth.png\" alt=\"Purple_and_red_destinations_user_growth\" data-has-syndication-rights=\"\" data-license-id=\"\" data-licensor-name=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Redfin\u2019s user data covers more than 72 percent of the voting age population and is concentrated in urban metropolises, which gives us a specific and recent look at where residents of blue counties are looking to move. While our analysis looked only at metro areas Redfin serves, its results are right in line with the latest <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/tables\/2015\/demo\/geographic-mobility\/county-to-county-migration-2011-2015.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">county-to-county migration data<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published by the Census, which revealed that from 2011 to 2015, over 50 percent more migrants moved from blue to red counties than the other way around. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The advantage is that Redfin\u2019s user data is forward looking and predictive of moves happening this year. Redfin\u2019s unique data shows that two years later\u2014as housing prices have appreciated by more than 14 percent<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014this trend has accelerated. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The trend is most pronounced in <a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/state\/Colorado\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Colorado<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/state\/Oregon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oregon<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/state\/Washington\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Washington<\/a>, where respectively, blue counties saw more than 12.7 percent, 12.1 percent and 10.3 percent more people leave than come. Exceptions to the trend were in <a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/state\/Louisiana\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Louisiana<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/state\/New-Mexico\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New Mexico<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/state\/Indiana\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Indiana<\/a>\u2014each of which experienced growth in the bluest counties.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"viz1507849496499\" class=\"tableauPlaceholder\" style=\"position: relative;\"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https:&#47;&#47;public.tableau.com&#47;static&#47;images&#47;Po&#47;PoliticsandMigration&#47;StoryBoard&#47;1_rss.png' style='border: none' \/><\/a><\/noscript><object class=\"tableauViz\" style=\"display: none;\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"><param name=\"host_url\" value=\"https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F\" \/><param name=\"embed_code_version\" value=\"2\" \/><param name=\"site_root\" value=\"\" \/><param name=\"name\" value=\"PoliticsandMigration\/StoryBoard\" \/><param name=\"tabs\" value=\"no\" \/><param name=\"toolbar\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"static_image\" value=\"https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/static\/images\/Po\/PoliticsandMigration\/StoryBoard\/1.png\" \/><param name=\"animate_transition\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_static_image\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_spinner\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_overlay\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_count\" value=\"yes\" \/><\/object><\/div>\n<p><script type='text\/javascript'>                    var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1507849496499');                    var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0];                    vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height=(divElement.offsetWidth*0.75)+'px';                    var scriptElement = document.createElement('script');                    scriptElement.src = 'https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/javascripts\/api\/viz_v1.js';                    vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement);                <\/script><\/p>\n<h3><strong>In Search of Affordability<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is happening for two major reasons. The first is economic. Housing is becoming less available and less affordable in America\u2019s largest urban counties (almost all of which are blue). The second is a longer trend of the self-sorting of Americans by lifestyle and political partisanship resulting in political polarization. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High housing costs in blue counties have <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/2016\/12\/millions-of-renters-face-eviction-why-todays-housing-market-is-partially-to-blame.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pushed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> people further out into nearby purple <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/2016\/03\/homebuyers-are-bucking-the-urban-revival-as-burbs-beckon.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">suburbs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Nationwide, the average home in a blue county costs around $360,000\u2014more than 62 percent more than that of homes in red counties ($223,000).<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Sure blue-county incomes are usually higher, but their residents spend on average 32 percent of their household income on rent, nearly 5 percentage points higher than residents of red counties (purple counties fall in between at 30.9 percent), according to the Census.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"media-59714\" class=\"align-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/distribution_of_housing_affordability.png\" alt=\"distribution_of_housing_affordability\" data-has-syndication-rights=\"\" data-license-id=\"\" data-licensor-name=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Affordable housing for families is paramount. For example, in August, the typical home in Denver County sold for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/data-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$400,000<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, whereas in Douglas County homes sold for only about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/data-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">three-fifths of that<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, after controlling for size. Additionally, in 2015, the typical resident spent a full 3 percent more of their income on rent in Denver County as well\u201429.5 percent compared with 26.4 in Douglas County.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a result, one in 10\u00a0Redfin users looking to move out of Denver County, Colorado\u2014where nearly three in four votes last November were for Hillary Clinton\u2014were looking to nearby <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/county\/379\/CO\/Douglas-County\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Douglas County<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014where Trump won 54.7 percent of the vote. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>On the Other Hand: The Big Sort<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is not all about economics, however. Politics can be a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/08\/16\/upshot\/political-migration-a-new-business-of-moving-out-to-fit-in.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">major reason<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> people decide where to move\u2014there is even a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/conservativemove.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">business<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> built on this premise that helps conservatives move to staunchly Republican neighborhoods. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/redfin.com\/blog\/2017\/06\/one-in-three-recent-homebuyers-made-an-offer-sight-unseen-up-from-one-in-five-a-year-ago.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Redfin survey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found that, 41 percent of recent homebuyers reported hesitations about moving to a place where most people have political views different from their own. In contrast, less than one in\u00a010 respondents were enthusiastic about moving to a different political climate, while the remaining half were neutral. Millennials\u2014the largest group forming new households\u2014were even more likely to be hesitant, consistent with <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gwern.net\/docs\/dnb\/2007-danigelis.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sociological research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> showing an increased political tolerance as people age. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This trend of sorting by political beliefs has been dubbed the \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Big-Sort-Clustering-Like-Minded-America\/dp\/0547237723\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Big Sort<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d by researcher Bill Bishop and has been underway since the early 1970s. Increasingly, the politics of our neighbors are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/09\/24\/opinion\/dying-art-of-disagreement.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">not any different<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from our own. By this way of thinking, it&#8217;s less likely that all this cross-county migration will result in any different of a political landscape at the state-level. As people continue to self-sort into areas that represent their lifestyle and demographics\u2014and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.people-press.org\/2015\/04\/07\/a-deep-dive-into-party-affiliation\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thus politics<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014those who lean Republican are the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/fivethirtyeight.com\/features\/migration-isnt-turning-red-states-blue\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">most likely to leave<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the bluest counties. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>It Might Be Different this Time<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the evidence that people will continue to self-sort by political beliefs is strong, we would contend that the housing affordability crisis in the bluest counties is unprecedented. With no sign of a drastic drop in prices anytime soon, there\u2019s an argument that many more people, regardless of politics, will move to where they can buy a comfortable home. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We will continue to look at these migration patterns into the next election cycle to track how this trend evolves in the next year leading up to the midterm elections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Methodology<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Redfin analyzed a sample of more than one million Redfin.com users searching for homes from January through June of 2017. Users must have viewed at least 10 listings during the year. We also excluded locations that in aggregate represented less than 20 percent of a user\u2019s searches. We determined the home metro by mapping the user\u2019s IP address of the most common location they searched from. If a user was searching in more than one county, we accounted for the share of searches in each county. The county-level election results were downloaded from <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/tonmcg\/County_Level_Election_Results_12-16\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><sup id=\"fn1\">1. Counties that won with only a 10 percentage point margin \u201clean\u201d blue or red and the remaining counties are purple.<a title=\"Jump back to footnote 1 in the text.\" href=\"#ref1\">\u21a9<\/a><\/sup><br \/>\n<sup id=\"fn2\">2. This is computed by comparing the national median sale price growth from September 2015 to 2017 using the Redfin Data Center.<a title=\"Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.\" href=\"#ref2\">\u21a9<\/a><\/sup><br \/>\n<sup id=\"fn3\">3. The breakdown of median sale prices and price growth is as follows: Blue counties: $360k (6.9%), Leans Blue: $280k (5.7%), Purple: $278k (6.5%), Leans Red $237k (6.5%), and Red counties $223k (7.5%).<a title=\"Jump back to footnote 3 in the text.\" href=\"#ref3\">\u21a9<\/a><\/sup><br \/>\n<sup id=\"fn4\">4. Average Gross Rent as Percent of Household Income by county: Blue counties: 32%, Leans Blue: 31.1%, Purple: 30.9%, Leans Red: 29.4%, Red counties: 27.5%.<a title=\"Jump back to footnote 4 in the text.\" href=\"#ref4\">\u21a9<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The housing affordability crisis is driving residents out of the most Democratic counties.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13500,"featured_media":59720,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[32,21,19],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-59712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-migration","tag-housing-market-tracker","tag-migration","tag-politics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.7 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - 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