{"id":83753,"date":"2026-02-03T05:00:04","date_gmt":"2026-02-03T13:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/?p=83753"},"modified":"2026-02-02T13:59:21","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T21:59:21","slug":"homeownership-rate-by-race-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/homeownership-rate-by-race-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Black Gen Zers and Millennials Are Half As Likely to Own Their Home As White Counterparts"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong><i>Just 14% of Black Gen Zers and 32% of Black millennials own their home, roughly half the rate of white Gen Zers and millennials.\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong><i>The homeownership rate for young Black Americans has ticked down over the last few years, while it has ticked up for young white Americans.\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong><i>The racial homeownership gap is smaller but still significant for Gen Xers and baby boomers.\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One in seven (14.2%) Black Gen Zers own their home nationwide, compared to nearly one in three (31.6%) white Gen Zers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The gap is similar for millennials: 32% of Black millennials own their home, compared to 66.6% of white millennials.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-83754 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/unnamed-6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"907\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/unnamed-6.png 907w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/unnamed-6-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/unnamed-6-768x485.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This data is from a Redfin analysis of the Current Population Survey\u2019s Annual Social and Economic Supplement as of 2025.\u00a0 Please note that in this report, homeownership rate refers to the share of households headed by Gen Zers, millennials, Gen Xers or baby boomers that are owner-occupied, broken down by race; people who are living with their parents or other family members are not included in the calculation for their generation.\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gen Zers were <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beresfordresearch.com\/age-range-by-generation\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">13-28 years old<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 2025; only adult Gen Zers (19-28 years old) were included in this analysis. Millennials were 29-44 in 2025, Gen Xers were 45-60, and baby boomers were 61-79. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Please see the end of this report for more on methodology.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Homeownership Rate Has Declined For Black Gen Zers and Millennials, Risen For White Gen Zers and Millennials<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For young Black Americans, the homeownership rate has declined over the last few years. It has ticked up for young white Americans.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black Gen Zers\u2019 homeownership rate was 16.3% in 2023, compared to 14.2% today. Black millennials\u2019 rate was roughly 33% in 2023, compared to 32% now. The homeownership rate declined for Black Gen Zers and millennials because many people in those categories who formed a new household\u2013such as by moving out of a parent\u2019s home\u2013ended up renting rather than buying.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For white Gen Zers, the homeownership rate has risen from 29.7% in 2023 to 31.6% today; white millennials saw the rate\u00a0 increase from 65.3% to 66.6%.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>It\u2019s Hard to Afford a Home. It\u2019s Especially Hard For Young, Black People.\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The overall homebuying landscape has been difficult over the last few years due to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/housing-supply-falls-november-2025\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">high home prices<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, high mortgage rates, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/housing-market-update-pending-sales-decline-buyers-waiting-for-lower-rates\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">widespread economic uncertainty<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. That\u2019s particularly true for young Americans, who typically have less money than their older counterparts.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And among those young Americans, it is typically more difficult for Black people than white people to afford a home. There are several reasons for that:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The racial wage and wealth gap<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The typical Black worker in the U.S. earns <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/06\/19\/briefing\/juneteenth-racial-wage-gap.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">79 cents<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for every dollar earned by a white worker. For every $100 in wealth held by white households, Black households <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/black-wealth-is-increasing-but-so-is-the-racial-wealth-gap\/#:~:text=Figure%202%20shows%20that%20from,when%20the%20gap%20reached%20%24214%2C970\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have $15<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. That makes it harder to save money for a down payment and to afford monthly mortgage payments.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The employment gap<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The unemployment rate is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clasp.org\/press-room\/press-releases\/census-bureau-data-underscores-gender-racial-disparities-policy-decisions-in-2025-will-worsen-conditions-for-all\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7.1%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for Black men, roughly double the 3.7% rate for white men. It\u2019s a similar story for women; the unemployment rate for Black women is 6.7%, compared to 3.2% for white women.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Discriminatory policies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Past policies like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/redlining-real-estate-racial-wealth-gap\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">redlining<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2020-01-08\/mapping-the-segregation-of-minneapolis\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">discriminatory housing covenants<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> caused generations of Black families to miss out on gaining wealth through owning valuable property. Today, there are still systemic barriers to homeownership for Black families; for example, Black homebuyers are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/mortgage-denials-by-race-united-states\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">twice as likely<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to have their mortgage applications rejected than white homebuyers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Family money gap. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black families are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.richmondfed.org\/publications\/research\/economic_brief\/2022\/eb_22-49\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">less likely<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than white families to have generational, inherited wealth. That makes it harder to buy homes. For example, a recent Redfin survey conducted by Ipsos found that 9% of recent Black homebuyers used a cash gift from family for their down payment, compared to 15% of recent white homebuyers.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Credit scores. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/average-credit-scores-by-race-5214521\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">median credit score<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for Black Americans is lower than it is for white Americans, which makes it more challenging to get a mortgage.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cBlack millennials and Gen Zers are bearing the brunt of the racial homeownership gap because since they have reached homebuying age, the country has faced significant financial challenges and a major <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/coronavirus-real-estate-housing-shortage\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">housing supply shortage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u201d <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">said Redfin Chief Economist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/author\/darylfairweather\/\">Daryl Fairweather<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u201cYoung Black Americans started out behind their white counterparts because they\u2019re less likely to have property and money passed down from their families because of historical discrimination in housing and employment. Now they are coming of age during turbulent economic times that have impacted Black workers more than white workers. The Black unemployment rate rose to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/LNS14000006#\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nearly 17%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during both the Great Recession and the pandemic, compared to 9% and 14%, respectively, for white Americans.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Narrowing the racial homeownership gap would require not only things like increasing the supply of relatively affordable starter homes in the U.S., which would benefit all young Americans, but policy changes that would make a meaningful difference for Black buyers. Things like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rocketmortgage.com\/learn\/down-payment-assistance\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">down-payment assistance<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rocketmortgage.com\/learn\/first-time-home-buyer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">first-time buyer programs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, affordable <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rocketmortgage.com\/learn\/affordable-housing\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">homeownership programs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and better access to fair, affordable credit could help Gen Z and millennial Black buyers get their foot in the door.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The bright spot for homebuyers is that we expect affordability to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/housing-market-predictions-2026\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">start improving<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> this year, as wages grow faster than home prices and mortgage rates tick down. Buyers also hold <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/buyers-vs-sellers-november-2025\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">negotiating power<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Overall, Gen Z and Millennial Homeownership Rates Are Ticking Up<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A separate <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/homeownership-rate-by-generation-2025\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Redfin analysis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found that overall, Gen Z and millennial homeownership rates ticked up in 2025. This data, which breaks down that generational data by race, suggests that young white homebuyers drove the increase.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And per <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redfin.com\/news\/black-homeownership-rate-2025\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">another Redfin analysis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the overall homeownership rate for Black families is sitting at its lowest level since 2021. Nationwide, 43.9% of Black Americans owned their home as of mid-2025, down from 45.3% a year earlier. For comparison, 74% of white Americans owned their home, down slightly from 74.4% a year earlier.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>The Racial Homeownership Gap Is Smaller But Still Significant For Older Americans<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There\u2019s also a substantial racial homeownership gap for older generations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just over half (53.1%) of Black Gen Xers own their home, while the rate is 80.6% for white Gen Xers. And three in five (60.4%) Black baby boomers own their home, compared to 85.5% of white baby boomers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In percent terms, the racial homeownership gap is smaller for older Americans. Overall, homes were more affordable for baby boomers and Gen Xers when they were young; even buyers who faced discrimination were in a much less expensive and less competitive market than today. But there is still a profound gap, stemming largely from the factors noted above, like historically discriminatory policies and the racial income gap.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Methodology<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This data is from a Redfin analysis of the Current Population Survey\u2019s Annual Social and Economic Supplement (March Supplement), from 1976 to 2025.\u00a0 The data was accessed using IPUMS-CPS*.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Please note that in this report, homeownership rate refers to the share of households headed by Gen Zers, millennials, Gen Xers or baby boomers that are owner-occupied, broken down by race; people who are living with their parents or other family members are not included in the calculation for their generation.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gen Zers were <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beresfordresearch.com\/age-range-by-generation\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">13-28 years old<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 2025; only adult Gen Zers (19-28 years old) were included in this analysis. Millennials were 29-44 in 2025, Gen Xers were 45-60, and baby boomers were 61-79.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">*<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sarah Flood, Miriam King, Renae Rodgers, Steven Ruggles, J. Robert Warren, Daniel Backman, Annie Chen, Grace Cooper, Stephanie Richards, Megan Schouweiler, and Michael Westberry. IPUMS CPS: Version 12.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2024.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18128\/D030.V12.0\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18128\/D030.V12.0<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Just 14% of Black Gen Zers and 32% of Black millennials own their home, roughly half the rate of white Gen Zers and millennials.\u00a0 The homeownership rate for young Black Americans has ticked down over the last few years, while it has ticked up for young white Americans.\u00a0 The racial homeownership gap is smaller but [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13153,"featured_media":83757,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[704,727,678],"dashboard":[],"coauthors":[124],"class_list":["post-83753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-housing-market-news","tag-gen-z","tag-homeownership","tag-race"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.7 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Black Gen Zers and Millennials Are Half As Likely to Own Their Home As White Counterparts<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The homeownership rate for young Black Americans has ticked down over the last few years, while it has ticked up for young white Americans.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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