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Questionnaire: Redfin Survey Conducted By Ipsos, November 2025

This is the full survey questionnaire for questions referenced in Redfin reports about our November 2025 survey results. 

Household Satisfaction 

[ASK ALL][SINGLE SELECT] 

HouseholdSatisfaction. How do you feel about your current living situation? 

  1. I am very satisfied 
  2. I am somewhat satisfied 
  3. I am neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 
  4. I am somewhat dissatisfied 
  5. I am very dissatisfied 

Dwelling type

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] [RANDOMIZE]

A1. Which of the following best describes your home where you currently live?

  1. Single family home
  2. Town home
  3. Duplex
  4. Condominium
  5. Apartment
  6. Dormitory 
  7. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR]

Rent vs own

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] [RANDOMIZE]

A2. Which of the following best describes the [INSERT RESPONSE FROM A1, LOWERCASE. IF SELECTED OTHER IN A1, INSERT RESPONSE TEXT ONLY] you currently live in?

  1. Owned by you and/or your spouse/partner
  2. Rented from a landlord or company
  3. Owned by a relative or friend that you pay rent to
  4. Owned by a relative or friend that you don’t pay rent to
  5. Co-owned by you and a friend/roommate/family member [KEEP AFTER 1]
  6. Other [ANCHOR]

Number of houses

[ASK A2=1 OR 5] [SINGLE SELECT]

Houses. How many residential properties do you currently own?

  1. 1 (primary residence only)
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5 or more

Home Recency

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT]

A3. How long have you lived in your current [INSERT RESPONSE FROM A1, LOWERCASE. IF SELECTED OTHER IN A1, INSERT RESPONSE TEXT ONLY]?

  1. Less than a year
  2. 1-2 years
  3. 2-5 years
  4. 6-10 years
  5. 11-15 years
  6. 16+ years

Prior home

[ASK IF A3=1 “Less than a year”] [SINGLE SELECT] [RANDOMIZE]

A4. You mention you have been in your current home for less than a year. Which of the following best describes your previous home?

  1. Owned by you or your spouse/partner
  2. Rented from a landlord or company
  3. Owned by a relative or friend that you paid rent to
  4. Owned by a relative or friend that you didn’t pay rent to
  5. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR]

First-time homebuyer of prior home

[ASK IF A4=1 “Owned by you or your spouse/partner”] [SINGLE SELECT]

A4b. Was this previous home the first time you owned (as opposed to rented) a home?

  1. Yes, it was
  2. No, it wasn’t

P12M sale

[ASK IF A4=1 “Owned by you or your spouse/partner”] [SINGLE SELECT]

A5. Did you sell your previous home?

  1. Yes
  2. No, and I don’t plan on selling it in the next year
  3. No, but I do plan on selling it in the next year

Why didn’t sell

[ASK IF A5=3 “No, but I do plan on selling it in the next year”] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE]

A6. Why did you decide not to sell your home this year?

  1. Newly purchased home is a second home/vacation home
  2. Plan on or already am renting out home to a full-time renter
  3. Letting family live in the home
  4. Plan on listing as a short-term rental on site like Airbnb
  5. Don’t want to give up low mortgage rate
  6. Don’t think I will get the price I would be willing to sell for
  7. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR]

Intend to move

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT]

A7. How likely are you to move to a new home in the next year?

  1. Definitely will move to a new home
  2. Probably will move to a new home
  3. Might or might not move to a new home
  4. Probably will not move to a new home
  5. Definitely will not move to a new home

Moving out of state P12M

[ASK IF A3=1 “Less than a year”, SKIP IF NOT] [SINGLE SELECT]

A7b_P12M. When you moved in the last year, did you move to a different state?

  1. Yes
  2. No

Moving out of state N12M

[ASK IF A7=1-3 “Definitely/probably/might or might not move to a new home”, SKIP IF NOT] [SINGLE SELECT]

A7b_N12M. When you do move, will you be moving out-of-state?

  1. Yes
  2. No
  3. Not sure yet

Which states to move to P12M

[ASK IF A7b_P12M=1][SINGLE SELECT]

A7c_P12M. Which state did you move from?

[INSERT ALL US STATES AS A DROPDOWN]

  1. Alabama
  2. Alaska
  3. Arizona
  4. Arkansas
  5. California
  6. Colorado
  7. Connecticut
  8. Delaware
  9. Florida
  10. Georgia
  11. Hawaii
  12. Idaho
  13. Illinois
  14. Indiana
  15. Iowa
  16. Kansas
  17. Kentucky
  18. Louisiana
  19. Maine
  20. Maryland
  21. Massachusetts
  22. Michigan
  23. Minnesota
  24. Mississippi
  25. Missouri
  26. Montana
  27. Nebraska
  28. Nevada
  29. New Hampshire
  30. New Jersey
  31. New Mexico
  32. New York
  33. North Carolina
  34. North Dakota
  35. Ohio
  36. Oklahoma
  37. Oregon
  38. Pennsylvania
  39. Rhode Island
  40. South Carolina
  41. South Dakota
  42. Tennessee
  43. Texas
  44. Utah
  45. Vermont
  46. Virginia
  47. Washington
  48. West Virginia
  49. Wisconsin
  50. Wyoming
  51. Washington D.C

[NOT PART OF DROPDOWN]

  1. Not sure
  2. Prefer not to answer

Which states to move to N12M

[ASK IF A7b_N12M=1][SINGLE SELECT]

A7c_N12M. Which state are you planning to move to?

[INSERT ALL US STATES AS A DROPDOWN]

  1. Alabama
  2. Alaska
  3. Arizona
  4. Arkansas
  5. California
  6. Colorado
  7. Connecticut
  8. Delaware
  9. Florida
  10. Georgia
  11. Hawaii
  12. Idaho
  13. Illinois
  14. Indiana
  15. Iowa
  16. Kansas
  17. Kentucky
  18. Louisiana
  19. Maine
  20. Maryland
  21. Massachusetts
  22. Michigan
  23. Minnesota
  24. Mississippi
  25. Missouri
  26. Montana
  27. Nebraska
  28. Nevada
  29. New Hampshire
  30. New Jersey
  31. New Mexico
  32. New York
  33. North Carolina
  34. North Dakota
  35. Ohio
  36. Oklahoma
  37. Oregon
  38. Pennsylvania
  39. Rhode Island
  40. South Carolina
  41. South Dakota
  42. Tennessee
  43. Texas
  44. Utah
  45. Vermont
  46. Virginia
  47. Washington
  48. West Virginia
  49. Wisconsin
  50. Wyoming
  51. Washington D.C

[NOT PART OF DROPDOWN]

  1. Not sure
  2. Prefer not to answer

Want to move

[ASK ALL]

[SINGLE SELECT]

A7d. How much do you agree with the following statement? “I/We want to move to a new home but probably won’t move any time soon.”

  1. Strongly agree
  2. Somewhat agree
  3. Neither agree nor disagree
  4. Somewhat disagree
  5. Strongly disagree

Reasons for not moving

[ASK IF A7=4-5 OR A7d=1-2] [RANDOMIZE]

A7e. You indicated that you are unlikely to move to a new home any time soon. Why not? Please select all that apply.

  1. Home prices are too high
  2. There aren’t enough homes for sale
  3. There aren’t enough homes for rent
  4. I can’t get a job where I want to move
  5. I’m waiting for my kids to finish school where we currently live
  6. Mortgage rates are too high
  7. Rent is too high
  8. I have a low mortgage rate on my current home
  9. I can’t afford the type of home I want to move to
  10. I can’t afford a home in the place I want to move to
  11. There is a high risk of natural disasters in the area I want to move to
  12. Moving is too expensive
  13. I can’t find a home I like as much as my current home 
  14. I need to stay near family or friends 
  15. Other, please specify: [OPEN END]

Intend to sell 

[ASK IF A2=1 OR 5 AND A7=1-3 “might/probably/definitely move to a new home”] [SINGLE SELECT] 

A8. How likely are you to sell your current home in the next year? 

  1. Definitely will sell 
  2. Probably will sell 
  3. Might or might not sell 
  4. Probably will not sell 
  5. Definitely will not sell 

Selling time frame 

[ASK IF A7=3-5 “might/probably/definitely will not move in next year” AND A2=1 OR 5] [SINGLE SELECT] 

A9. When would you consider selling your current home? 

  1. Within the next 3 years 
  2. In the next 3 to 5 years 
  3. More than 5 years, but within the next 10 years 
  4. More than 10 years, but at some point 
  5. Never 

Next dwelling 

[ASK IF A7=1-2 “definitely/probably will move to a new home”] [SINGLE SELECT] 

A10. Do you expect to purchase or rent your next home that you plan to move to in the next year? 

  1. Purchase 
  2. Rent 
  3. I am not sure yet, currently considering both options 
  4. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] 

First-time future home buyers 

[ASK IF A10=1 “purchase”] [SINGLE SELECT] 

A10b. You mentioned you’ll be purchasing your next home, will this be your first time owning a home?  

  1. Yes, it will be 
  2. No, it won’t be 

Group qualification 

HIDDEN GROUP QUALIFICATION – RESPONDENTS MAY QUALIFY FOR MULTIPLE GROUPS 

Hv_Qualifier 

  1. Moved in P12M [A3=1 “Less than a year”] 
  2. Intend to move in N12M [A7=1-2 “Definitely/Probably will move to a new home”] 
  3. Current renters [A2=2 “Rented from a landlord or company”] 
  4. Bought or sold a home in P12M 

[A2=1 OR 5 “Owned by you or your spouse/partner” AND A3=1 “Less than a year” 

OR A5=1 “Yes”]  

5. Intend to buy or sell a home in N12M 

[A8=1-2 “Definitely/Probably will sell” OR A10=1 “Purchase”]  

6. Long time owners with no intention to move 

A2=1 OR 5 “Owned by you or your spouse/partner” AND A3=4-6 “6-10 years/11-15 years/16+ years” 

AND A7=4-5 “Probably/Definitely will not move to new home”] 

7. Long time owners with no intention to sell within the next 5 years [A2=1 OR 5 “Owned by you or your spouse/partner” AND A3=4-6 “6-10 years/11-15 years/16+ years” AND A9=3-5 “More than 5 years, but within the next 10 years/More than 10 years, but at some point/Never”] 

8. First-time homebuyers [A4b=1 “yes”] OR  [A10b=1 “yes”] 

9. Did not move in P12M [A3≠1] 

Barriers to ownership 

[ASK IF HV_QUALIFIER=3 “Current renters” OR =6 “Long time owners with no intention to move”] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

BarrierstoOwnership. Whether you are interested in being a homeowner or are not interested in being a homeowner, which of the following are reasons why you won’t be purchasing a home in the near future? Select all that apply. 

Personal Factors [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

  1. There are no or limited homes for sale that I/we like 
  2. I don’t want to put in the work/effort to maintain a home I own 
  3. I’ve made offers on homes but they weren’t accepted 
  4. The only homes I can afford are in areas I am not interested in living in 
  5. I enjoy the flexibility of rental leases 
  6. I am not ready to “settle down” and commit to one home yet 
  7. I don’t plan on living in my current city long term 

Financial Factors [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

8. I lack financial support from family or friends 

9. I am unable to save for a down payment 

10. Mortgage rates are too high right now 

11. I need to pay off student loans first 

12. Regular upkeep/maintenance would be too expensive 

13. I am not financially prepared for surprise costs (e.g., repairs, change in homeowners’ association fees) 

14. Concerns about job security 

15. I recently lost my job / I don’t have enough job security at the moment 

16. Insurance for homeownership is too expensive (includes homeowner’s, disaster, theft, etc.) 

17. I can’t afford a home in the area where I want to live 

18. I don’t think homes for sale in my area are worth their price 

19. I don’t want to compete in a bidding war for a home 

Safety Factors [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

20. I’m worried about being discriminated against or treated unfairly in the homebuying process because of my race, religion, ethnicity 

21. I’m worried about being discriminated against or treated unfairly in the homebuying process because of my gender/sexual identity 

[NOT PART OF EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

22. Other, please specify [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 

23. None of the above [ANCHOR] [EXCLUSIVE] 

Moved out of state 

[ASK IF A7b_P12M=1] [SINGLE SELECT] 

MigrantMoved. You mentioned you moved to another state, was the move motivated by leaving the previous state or moving to the new state?

  1. Primarily to leave the previous state 
  2. Primarily to move to the new state 
  3. A mix of both 

Moving out of state 

[ASK IF A7b_N12M=1] [SINGLE SELECT] 

FutureMigrantMoving. You mentioned you plan on moving to another state, will the move be motivated by leaving the state or arriving at the new state? 

  1. Primarily to leave the current state 
  2. Primarily to move to the new state 
  3. A mix of both 

Reasons for staying 

[ASK IF HV_QUALIFIER=7 “Long time owners with no intention to sell within the next 5 years” [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

ReasonForStaying. You mentioned you have lived in your house for several years and do not plan on selling soon. Why do you intend to stay in your current home? Select all that apply. 

  1. I don’t want to give up my low mortgage rate 
  2. I have given money to children or another family member for their own home, so I can’t afford to move 
  3. My children or other family members are still living in my home 
  4. Insurance for a home would be too expensive where I would want to live 
  5. I don’t want to pay high homeowners’ association fees 
  6. My home is completely or almost paid off 
  7. Home prices are now too high 
  8. I am holding onto this home so my kids/family members can move in 
  9. I am/have recently renovated/upgraded my home 
  10. Concerns about job security 
  11. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 
  12. I just like my home and/or its location and have no reason to move [ANCHOR] [EXCLUSIVE] 

Hypothetical Financing Product 

[A10 = 1 “Purchase”] 
FinancingProduct. Please consider the below scenario as a potential financing tool to help make homebuying and homeownership more affordable:  

How interested, if at all, would you be in buying only a fraction of the home instead of 100% of it? For example, you would buy 50% of the home and an outside company would buy the other 50%. The outside company would become your partner in homeownership. In addition to a smaller down payment and a smaller mortgage, you would only pay 50% of the property taxes, homeowners’ insurance and any major repairs. In exchange for the partner purchasing 50% of the house, you would pay the partner 50% of the fair market rent for the home,  plus 50% of any increase in the home’s value when you decide to sell it. 

  1. Very interested 
  2. Somewhat interested 
  3. Neutral 
  4. Somewhat uninterested 
  5. Very uninterested 

Hypothetical Financing Product – Interested Sentiment 

[FinancingProduct = 1-2 “Very/somewhat interested] 

FinancingProductPos. What is the maximum percentage of the home’s value appreciation that you would be willing to give up to the company/homeownership partner and still want to pursue this option? 

[NUMERTICAL TEXT BOX 1-100%]% 

Hypothetical Financing Product – Interested Sentiment 

[FinancingProduct = 4-5 “Very/somewhat uninterested] 

FinancingProductNeg. What is your main worry about this shared-ownership option? Please explain. 

[OE, TEXT BOX] 

Renovations P12M and N12M 

[ASK ALL] 

Renovations. Which of the following best applies to you? Please select all the apply. 

  1. I made improvements or renovations to my home within the past year 
  2. I plan to make improvements or renovations to my home in the next year 
  3. Neither statements apply to my situation [EXCLUSIVE] 

Renovation plans P12M 

[ASK Renovations = 1] 

RenovationPlansP12M. Which of the following improvements or renovations have you made to your home in the past year? Please select all that apply. 

[RANDOMIZE] 

  1. Kitchen improvements 
  2. Bathroom improvements 
  3. New flooring 
  4. Paint work 
  5. Roof work 
  6. Exterior maintenance 
  7. Landscaping 
  8. Heating/cooling system updates 
  9. Electrical updates 
  10. Adding closet(s) 
  11. Adding rooms/increasing square footage 
  12. Smart home technology 
  13. Upgrades or features to make my home more resilient to natural disasters such as flooding, wind, fire, heat 
  14. Other, please specify [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 

Renovation cost P12M 

[ASK Renovations = 1] 

RenovationCostP12M. How much did you spend on renovating/improving your home in the past year? 

  1. Under $1,000 
  2. $1,000-$4,999 
  3. $5,000-$9,999 
  4. $10,000-$19,999 
  5. $20,000-$49,999 
  6. $50,000-$99,999 
  7. $100,000+ 

Renovation or moving P12M 

[ASK Renovations = 1] 

RenoOrMoveP12M. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement?  

“I made improvements or renovations to my home in the past year instead of moving to a new home” 

  1. Strongly agree 
  2. Somewhat agree 
  3. Neither agree nor disagree 
  4. Somewhat disagree 
  5. Strongly disagree 

Renovation plans N12M 

[ASK Renovations = 2] 

RenovationPlansN12M. Which of the following improvements or renovations do you plan to make in the next year? Please select all that apply. 

[RANDOMIZE] 

  1. Kitchen improvements 
  2. Bathroom improvements 
  3. New flooring 
  4. Paint work 
  5. Roof work 
  6. Exterior maintenance 
  7. Landscaping 
  8. Heating/cooling system updates 
  9. Electrical updates 
  10. Adding closet(s) 
  11. Adding rooms/increasing square footage 
  12. Smart home technology 
  13. Upgrades or features to make my home more resilient to natural disasters such as flooding, wind, fire, heat 
  14. Other, please specify [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 

Renovation cost N12M 

[ASK Renovations = 2] 

RenovationCostN12M. How much do you plan to spend on renovating/improving your home in the next year? 

  1. Under $1,000 
  2. $1,000-$4,999 
  3. $5,000-$9,999 
  4. $10,000-$19,999 
  5. $20,000-$49,999 
  6. $50,000-$99,999 
  7. $100,000+ 

Renovation or moving N12M 

[ASK Renovations = 2] 

RenoOrMoveN12M. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement?  

“I plan to make improvements or renovations to my home in the next year instead of moving to a new home” 

  1. Strongly agree 
  2. Somewhat agree 
  3. Neither agree nor disagree 
  4. Somewhat disagree 
  5. Strongly disagree 

Energy Improvement Tax Credits 

[ASK IF=A2=1 OR 5][SINGLE SELECT] 

Two federal tax credits for home energy improvements are set to expire at the end of 2025: 

  • A 30% credit for solar panels, battery storage, and geothermal systems 
  • A credit for energy-efficient improvements like windows, insulation, and HVAC systems 

EnergyImprove. Has the upcoming expiration of these tax credits affected your plans for home upgrades or renovations? 

  1. Yes, I already made upgrades earlier than planned in order to take advantage of the credits before they expire 
  2. Yes, I am planning to make upgrades before the end of 2025 in order to take advantage of the credits before they expire 
  3. Yes, I delayed or canceled planned upgrades because I am not able to to take advantage of the credits before they expire 
  4. No, these expiring tax credits have not affected my renovation plans 
  5. No, I was not aware these tax credits were expiring 
  6. Not applicable / I don’t know 

Rate of affordability 

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] 

RateRentAffordability. To what extent, if any, do you struggle to afford your regular rent or mortgage payment? 

  1. I can easily afford them 
  2. I sometimes struggle, but generally okay 
  3. I regularly struggle, but sometimes okay 
  4. I struggle greatly to afford them 

Sacrifices for housing costs 

[ASK ALL] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

Sacrifices. Which of the following, if any, changes or sacrifices did you make in the past year to afford your monthly housing costs, including mortgage or rent, insurance, parking heating/cooling/electricity or homeownership association dues? Select all that apply. 

  1. Took no or fewer vacations 
  2. Gave up or reduced college savings for their kids 
  3. Delayed or skipped healthcare/medical treatments 
  4. Ate out at restaurants less often [KEEP WITH 5] 
  5. Skipped meals completely [KEEP WITH 4] 
  6. Dipped into retirement savings 
  7. Decided against or delayed having a child 
  8. Postponed getting a divorce or separation 
  9. Moved in with a romantic partner  
  10. Moved in with roommates 
  11. Moved in with parents  
  12. Moved in with my grown children  
  13. Moved in with other family members
  14. Slept in car  
  15. Slept in homeless shelter  
  16. Worked an extra job regular job  
  17. Worked a side hustle such as Uber driver or food delivery  
  18. Worked additional hours/shifts at my job  
  19. Sold my belongings 
  20. Borrowed money from friends/family that I will pay back [KEEP WITH 21] 
  21. Received money from friends/family that is not expected to be paid back [KEEP WITH 20] 
  22. I had to give up my pet(s) 
  23. Enrolled my child(ren) in a low-rated school 
  24. None of these [ANCHOR] [EXCLUSIVE] 

Affordability statements 

[ASK ALL] 

TodayPrices. To what extent, if at all, do you agree with the following statements? 

[STATEMENTS] [RANDOMIZE] 

  1. At today’s prices, I could afford to buy the home I grew up in 
  2. At today’s prices, I could afford to buy a home that I would want to raise a family in 
  3. At today’s prices, I could afford to buy a home in an area where I would want to raise a family 
  4. At today’s prices, I could afford to buy a home like the one I live in in my neighborhood 
  5. At today’s prices, I could afford to rent a home that I would want to raise a family in 
  6. At today’s prices, I could afford to rent a home in an area where I would want to raise a family 

[SCALE] 

  1. Strongly agree 
  2. Somewhat agree 
  3. Somewhat disagree 
  4. Strongly disagree 
  5. I’m not sure 

Reasons for moving 

[ASKED IF HV_QUALIFIER=1 “Moved in past P12M”] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

RecentMoveReason. Why did you decide to move within the past year? Select all that apply.  

PERSONAL [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

  1. Family changes (i.e. child care, plans to have children, death or divorce) 
  2. Moved for orders or requests related to military service 
  3. To live with or nearer to family 
  4. To live in an area that is more ethnically/racially diverse 
  5. To live in an area where I can (or my children can) receive gender affirming care 
  6. To live in an area where abortions are legal and/or accessible 
  7. To live in an area where my views are better aligned with the political majority 
  8. I was discriminated against by my previous landlord 
  9. I faced discrimination in my previous area 
  10. Moved for a new job or job relocation 
  11. Upgraded to a better home or neighborhood 
  12. Wanted more space 
  13. Downsized/wanted less space 
  14. For better weather 
  15. To live in an area with more highly rated schools 
  16. I didn’t love the area I was living in 
  17. I didn’t love the home I was living in 
  18. For a return-to-office policy for myself or my spouse/partner 
  19. For a shorter commute 

FINANCIAL [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

20. For lower rental/housing costs 

21. For lower childcare costs 

22. For lower overall cost of living 

23. For lower property taxes 

24. For no sales and/or income tax in this state 

25. For lower sales and/or income tax in this state 

26. For lower insurance costs  

27. For lower homeowners’ association dues 

28. Concerns about job security 

 

SAFETY/ENVIRONMENT [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

29. Concern for natural disasters or climate risks in my previous area including heat, drought, flooding, fire, smoke or poor air quality. 

30. Concern for safety/crime  

 31. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] [NOT PART OF EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

Reasons to move next year 

[ASK IF HV_QUALIFIER=2 “Intend to move in N12M”] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

NextMoveReason. And which of the following reflect reasons why you are likely to move in the next year? Select all that apply. 

PERSONAL [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

  1. Family changes (i.e. child care, plans to have children, death or divorce) 
  2. For orders or requests related to military service 
  3. To be with or nearer to family 
  4. To be in an area that is more ethnically/racially diverse 
  5. To live in an area where I can (or my children can) receive gender affirming care 
  6. To live in an area where abortions are legal and/or accessible 
  7. To live in an area where my views are better aligned with the political majority 
  8. I have felt discriminated against by my landlord 
  9. I have felt discriminated in my area 
  10. Move for a new job or job relocation 
  11. Upgrade to better home or neighborhood 
  12. Want more space 
  13. Downsizing/want less space 
  14. For better weather 
  15. To live in an area with more highly rated schools 
  16. I didn’t love the area I was living in 
  17. I didn’t love the home I was living in 
  18. For a return-to-office policy for myself or my spouse/partner 
  19. For a shorter commute 

FINANCIAL [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

20. For lower rental/home prices 

21. For lower childcare costs 

22. For lower overall cost of living 

23. For lower property taxes 

24. For lower insurance costs  

25. For lower homeowners’ association dues 

26. Concerns about job security 

SAFETY/ENVIRONMENT [EXPANDABLE HEADERS] 

27. Concern for natural disasters or climate risks in my previous area including heat, drought, flooding, fire, smoke or poor air quality. 

28. Concern for safety/crime  

28. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] [NOT PART OF DROPDOWNS] 

Agent Commission for Purchase 

[ASK IF A2=1 OR 5 AND A3=1 “Less than a year”] [SINGLE SELECT] 

CommissionNegotiatePurch. When you bought your home, did you negotiate, or try to negotiate, the commission your agent/Realtor earned from the sale? 

  1. Yes, negotiated the commission 
  2. I tried to negotiate the commission, but was unsuccessful 
  3. No, I did not try to negotiate the commission 
  4. Not applicable, I bought my home without the help of a buyer’s agent 
  5. Don’t know/Unsure 

Agent Commission for Sale 

[ASK IF A5=1 “Yes”] [SINGLE SELECT] 

CommissionNegotiate. When you sold your previous home, did you negotiate, or try to negotiate, the commission your agent/Realtor earned from the sale? 

  1. Yes, negotiated the commission 
  2. I tried to negotiate the commission, but was unsuccessful 
  3. No, I did not try to negotiate the commission 
  4. Not applicable, I sold my home without the help of a listing agent 
  5. Don’t know/Unsure 

Money for down payment 

[ASK IF A2=1 OR 5] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

RecentDownPayment. We want to understand how recent homebuyers put together the necessary funds for their down payment. How did you accumulate the money you need for a down payment? Select all that apply. 

  1. Saved directly from paychecks [ANCHOR] 
  2. Worked a second job 
  3. Cash gift from family 
  4. Sold stock investments 
  5. Pulled money out of retirement funds early 
  6. Inheritance 
  7. Contributed less to retirement savings 
  8. Sold cryptocurrency investments 
  9. Sold another home 
  10. Used equity from another home I still own 
  11. Lived with parents/family/friends to save money 
  12. I received assistance from the government
  13. I received assistance from a non-profit association 
  14. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 

Money for rent payments 

[ASK IF A2=2-3 “Rented from landlord or company” OR “Owned by relative or friend that you pay rent to”] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

RecentRentPayment. We want to understand how renters put together the necessary funds for their rent payments. Which of the following actions have you taken, if any, to help afford your rent payments? Select all that apply. 

  1. A portion of my regular income goes directly to paying my rent [KEEP WITH 2] 
  2. All of my regular income goes directly to paying my rent [KEEP WITH 1] 
  3. Worked a job I hated 
  4. Took a second job or side hustle 
  5. Receive financial support/cash gift from family 
  6. Sold stock investments 
  7. Pulled money out of retirement funds early 
  8. Inheritance 
  9. Contributed less to retirement savings 
  10. Sold cryptocurrency investments 
  11. Sold another home 
  12. Use equity from another home I still own 
  13. Cut unnecessary expenses 
  14. Had previously lived with parents/family/friends to save money 
  15. Received assistance from the government 
  16. Received assistance from a non-profit association 
  17. Unenrolled, or reduced enrollment for my child in childcare or extracurricular programs and/or cut back on babysitting expenses 
  18. Other, Please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 
  19. Did not take any specific actions to help afford mortgage payment [EXCLUSIVE] [ANCHOR] 

Money for future down payment 

[ASK IF A10=1 “purchase”] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

NextDownPayment. We want to understand how likely homebuyers expect to put together the necessary funds for their next down payment. Which of the following actions are you likely to take to help fund your down payment on your next home? Select all that apply. 

  1. Save directly from paychecks [ANCHOR] 
  2. Work a second job 
  3. Get cash gift from family 
  4. Sell stock investments 
  5. Pull money out of retirement funds early 
  6. Inheritance 
  7. Contribute less to retirement savings 
  8. Sell cryptocurrency investments 
  9. Sell another home 
  10. Use equity from another home I still own 
  11. Live with parents/family/friends to save money 
  12. Apply for assistance from the government 
  13. Apply for assistance from a non-profit association 
  14. Other, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 

Recent mortgage payment 

[ASK IF A2=1 OR 5] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

RecentMortgagePayment. Which of the following actions have you taken, if any, to help afford your mortgage payments? Select all that apply. 

  1. A portion of my regular income goes directly to paying my mortgage [KEEP WITH 2] 
  2. All of my regular income goes directly to paying my mortgage [KEEP WITH 1] 
  3. Worked a job I hated 
  4. Took a second job or side hustle 
  5. Receive financial support/cash gift from family 
  6. Sold stock investments 
  7. Pulled money out of retirement funds early 
  8. Inheritance 
  9. Contributed less to retirement savings 
  10. Sold cryptocurrency investments 
  11. Sold another home 
  12. Used equity from another home I still own 
  13. Cut unnecessary expenses 
  14. Had previously lived with parents/family/friends to save money 
  15. Received assistance from the government 
  16. Received assistance from a non-profit association 
  17. Unenrolled, or reduced enrollment for my child in childcare or extracurricular programs and/or cut back on babysitting expenses 
  18. Other, Please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 
  19. Did not take any specific actions to help afford mortgage payment [EXCLUSIVE] [ANCHOR] 

Non-negotiables for next home 

[ASK IF A7=1-2 “Definitely/Probably will move to a new home”] [PROGRESSIVE GRID] 

NonNegotiables. When thinking about the next home you live in, which of the following do you consider a must-have feature versus a feature you’d be willing to trade off in order to afford a home? 

[ROW] [OPTIONS ARE SINGLE SELECT] 

  • Must have 
  • Willing to compromise to afford a home 

[COLUMNS] [RANDOMIZE] 

  1. Number of bedrooms 
  2. Number of bathrooms 
  3. Indoor space/square footage 
  4. Yard/outdoor space 
  5. Home type – i.e. single-family home vs. townhome or condo 
  6. Highly rated schools 
  7. Access to transit 
  8. Access to grocery stores/farmers markets where I can buy fresh produce/food 
  9. Commute time 
  10. Personal safety 
  11. Being near restaurants, bars, coffee shops 
  12. Being near my doctors/healthcare amenities 
  13. Racial/ethnic diversity 
  14. Living in an area with a low rate of crime 
  15. Living in an area where people look like me 
  16. Living in an area where the politics/government reflect my personal/social/political beliefs 
  17. Living in an area where homes are at low risk of a natural or climate disaster such as fire, flood, poor air quality 
  18. Space for kids to do homework/study 
  19. Home office or space to work from home 
  20. Multigenerational living space 
  21. Privacy from neighbors  

Additional Amenities Ranking 

[ASK IF A7=1-2 “Definitely/Probably will move to a new home”] [BUBBLE RANK, RANK 3] 

AmenitiesRank. When thinking about the next home you live in, what are the top 3 most important features/amenities for this home? 

[RANDOMIZE] 

  1. Climate resilient upgrades/features 
  2. Smart-home technology and automation 
  3. Architectural significance or uniqueness 
  4. At-home fitness or wellness space 
  5. Wine cellar 
  6. Pickle ball or tennis court 
  7. Swimming pool 
  8. Electric vehicle charging station 
  9. Backup power generation (i.e. solar, generator) 
  10. Home theater or media room 
  11. Security system 
  12. Gated community 
  13. Layout for entertaining 
  14. Views 
  15. Pet-friendly features such as dog washing stations 
  16. Heated floors 
  17. Heated driveway 
  18. Proximity to golf courses, country clubs, tennis clubs, etc. 
  19. Whiskey room 
  20. Covered outdoor patio 
  21. Outdoor kitchen 
  22. “Clean home” – high end filtration for air, water, etc. 

Open end on housing 

[ASK ALL] [OPEN END] 

Open_end_on_housing. What was the most important factor to you the last time you had to make a decision about where to live? 

Economic impact on housing market 

EconomyPolicy. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements in relation to recent trends in policy and the economy that could affect the housing market? 

[STATEMENTS][RANDOMIZE ORDER] 

  1. Tariffs will cause price inflation and keep interest rates high 
  2. Tariffs will help boost the US economy, so more people can afford homes 
  3. Less restrictive rules around homebuilding and zoning will allow builders to build homes easier/cheaper, making homes more affordable  
  4. Less immigration will result in fewer construction workers, and thereby fewer new homes, making homes more expensive 
  5. Less immigration will reduce demand for housing, making it more affordable 
  6. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) will help boost the U.S. economy, so more people can afford homes 
  7. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) will eliminate jobs and make it harder for people to afford homes 

[RESPONSES] 

  1. Strongly agree 
  2. Somewhat agree 
  3. Neither agree nor disagree 
  4. Somewhat disagree 
  5. Strongly disagree 

Delaying first-time purchase 

[ASK IF A7=3-5 OR A7d=1-2] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

DelayinOwnership_New. Which of the following accurately describes your timing for buying a home? Select all that apply. 
 

  1. I am waiting for the mortgage rates to fall 
  2. I am currently on track in my financial savings to purchase a home, just not right now. 
  3. Waiting just works better for me (and my partner/family). 
  4. I’m waiting for more homes to be built in my desired area 
  5. I’m waiting for more homeowners to list their homes for sale in my desired area 
  6. I am waiting for the right home 
  7. I’m waiting for home prices to fall 
  8. I’m waiting to buy a home for other reasons [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 
  9. Not applicable. I’m not thinking about my timeline for buying a home [ANCHOR] [EXCLUSIVE] 

Perceptions on housing 

[ASK ALL] [PROGRESSIVE GRID, LOOP THROUGH STATEMENTS ONE PER PAGE] 

HousingPercep. How much do you agree with the following statements? 

[STATEMENTS] 

  1. There should be policies that make it easy to build more homes in my area 
  2. There should be policies that make homes more affordable 
  3. There should be caps on the amount landlords are allowed to increase rent 
  4. There should be programs for down payment assistance 
  5. There should be tax breaks for first-time homebuyers 
  6. There should be initiatives for building homes for low-income families 
  7. There should be policies that promote investment in poor or distressed neighborhoods 

[SCALE] 

  1. Strongly agree 
  2. Somewhat agree 
  3. Neither agree nor disagree 
  4. Somewhat disagree 
  5. Strongly disagree 

Perceptions for YIMBY/NIMBY 

[ASK ALL] [PROGRESSIVE GRID, LOOP THROUGH STATEMENTS ONE PER PAGE] 

HousingPercepImby. How would you feel about…? 

[STATEMENTS][RANDOMIZE ORDER] 

  1. A proposal to build a new apartment complex on a vacant lot in your neighborhood/area? 
  2. Converting single-family homes into smaller, multi-unit dwellings to increase housing supply in your neighborhood/area? 
  3. The construction of new mixed-use developments that include both residential and commercial spaces in your neighborhood/area? 
  4. The construction of an AI (artificial intelligence) data center–a facility built to house high-performance computing, hardware, cooling systems and power supplies needed to train and run complex AI models–in your neighborhood/area? 

[SCALE] 

  1. Strongly support 
  2. Somewhat support 
  3. Somewhat oppose 
  4. Strongly oppose 
  5. No opinion 

Perceptions of home 

[ASK ALL] [PROGRESSIVE GRID] 

PerceptionsofHome. How much do you agree or disagree with the statements below? 

[STATEMENTS] [RANDOMIZE] 

  1. My current home is a reflection of who I am 
  2. My current home is just a place to live 
  3. My home is the only place I can get a good night’s sleep 
  4. I would rather be at home than anywhere else 
  5. I feel a sense of belonging to my neighborhood 
  6. I feel like I have things in common with my neighbors 
  7. I have a neighbor whom I also consider a friend. 

[SCALE] 

  1. Strongly agree 
  2. Somewhat agree 
  3. Neither agree nor disagree 
  4. Somewhat disagree 
  5. Strongly disagree 

Neighboring 

[ASK ALL] [RANDOMIZE] 

Neighborly. Thinking of where you currently reside, answer each of the following questions. 

  1. In the past year, have you borrowed something from a neighbor or let a neighbor borrow something of yours? 
  2. In the past year, have you helped a neighbor or received help from a neighbor? 
  3. Do you know the name(s) of the person/people who live in the home(s) closest to yours? 

[SCALE] 

  1. Yes 
  2. No 

AI Home improvements 

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] 

AIHome. How interested are you in the following AI-powered and advanced technology features for your home? 

[STATEMENTS] 

  1. AI-powered security and monitoring systems 
  2. Predictive climate control (learns your preferences) 
  3. Voice-activated home automation 
  4. AI-powered energy management 
  5. Health monitoring systems integrated into home 
  6. Automated maintenance alerts and scheduling 
  7. Robotic assistance (cleaning, maintenance) 

[STATEMENTS] 

  1. Very interested 
  2. Somewhat interested 
  3. Not very interested 
  4. Not at all interested 

Multigenerational living 

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] 

Multigenerationalhome. Are you interested in or have you already incorporated dedicated space for multigenerational living in your home (e.g., in-law suite, separate guest house for adult children or aging parents)? 

  1. Already have this feature 
  2. Actively planning to add this feature 
  3. Considering this for the future 
  4. Not interested 
  5. Not applicable to my situation 

View on residential investments 

[ASK IF Houses =/= 1] [BUBBLE RANK, FORCE RANK 3] 

POVHouses. How do you primarily view your residential real estate investments (beyond your primary residence)? Please rank at least 3, with 1 being the most relevant. 

[RANDOMIZE] 

  1. Appreciation/long-term investment 
  2. Lifestyle asset for personal enjoyment 
  3. Inflation hedge 
  4. Income generation (rental income) 
  5. Tax benefits 
  6. Legacy/generational wealth transfer 
  7. Portfolio diversification 
  8. Store of value/wealth preservation 

Barriers to purchasing more real estate 

[ASK A2=1 OR 5] [MULTI SELECT] [RANDOMIZE] 

PurchaseBarriers. What concerns, if any, are preventing you from purchasing additional real estate right now? Select all that apply. 

  1. High interest rates 
  2. Property prices are too high/overvalued 
  3. Economic uncertainty 
  4. Stock market volatility affecting liquidity 
  5. Property taxes are too high 
  6. Maintenance and operational costs 
  7. Lack of quality inventory in desired markets 
  8. Insurance costs and availability 
  9. Climate-related risks 
  10. Political or regulatory uncertainty 
  11. Already own sufficient properties 
  12. Prefer to allocate capital to other investments 
  13. Other, please specify [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 
  14. No concerns preventing purchases [EXCLUSIVE] [ANCHOR] 

Perceptions on housing pt 2 

[ASK ALL] [PROGRESSIVE GRID, LOOP THROUGH STATEMENTS ONE PER PAGE] 

HousingPercepClimate. How much do you agree with the following statements? 

[STATEMENTS] 

  1. Climate change affects the decision of where I choose to live 
  2. I am holding off on buying a home due to climate change
  3. I set aside funds for home repairs or other expenses relating to unpredictable events caused by climate change 
  4. Climate change is going to cause more people to move to the area where I live 
  5. Climate change is going to cause more people to move away from the area where I live 

[SCALE] 

  1. Strongly agree 
  2. Somewhat agree 
  3. Neither agree nor disagree 
  4. Somewhat disagree 
  5. Strongly disagree 

Natural disasters experience 

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] 

NaturalDisExp. Has your area been affected by any natural disasters in the past 5 years? 

  1. Yes 
  2. No 

Natural disasters 

[ASK IF NATURALDISEXP=1] [MULTI SELECT] 

NaturalDisasters. How were you and/or your area affected by natural disasters in the past 5 years? Please select all that apply. 

[RANDOMIZE ORDER] 

  1. Daily life in my area was disrupted by a natural disaster  
  2. My home was damaged 
  3. My home was destroyed 
  4. Homes in my neighborhood were destroyed 
  5. Homes in my neighborhood were damaged 
  6. People in my neighborhood were injured 
  7. People in my neighborhood were killed 
  8. My belongings were damaged 
  9. My belongings were destroyed 
  10. Other, please specify: [TEXT BOX] 

Insurance payout 

[ASK IF NATURALDISASTERS = 3, 4, 9, 10] [SINGLE SELECT] 

InsurancePayout. Did your insurance provider cover the damages caused by the natural disaster?

  1. I did not try to claim it on insurance 
  2. I tried to claim, but my provider did not cover the damages 
  3. I claimed and my provider partially covered the damages 
  4. I claimed and my provider fully covered the damages 

Insurance Payout Amount 

[ASK IF INSURANCEPAYOUT = 2, 3, 4] [OPEN END] 

InsurancePayoutNum. How much did you pay out of pocket for the damages? 

$[NUMERIC TEXT BOX, MIN=0, MAX=999,999,999] 

Politically conflicting move 

[ASK ALL] 

MovingPolView. How would you feel about moving to an area where most of the residents do not share your political views? 

  1. Significant enthusiasm 
  2. Some enthusiasm 
  3. Neutral 
  4. Some hesitation 
  5. Significant hesitation 

Union Member 

[ASKED ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] 

UnionMember. Are you a union member?  

  1. Yes 
  2. No 
  3. Prefer not to answer 

Intro Screen 

[SHOW INTRO PAGE BEFORE SHOWING THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS] 

Some questions can be sensitive in nature. We would like to remind you that your participation is strictly voluntary and that your responses are used for research purposes only. A “Prefer not to answer” option is available for you to select, if the case. 

Political party 

[ASK ALL] [SINGLE SELECT] 

PoliticalParty. Do you consider yourself a… 

  1. Democrat 
  2. Republican 
  3. Independent 
  4. Other 
  5. None of the above [ANCHOR] 
  6. Prefer not to answer [ANCHOR] 

Gender identity 

[ASKED OF ALL RESPONDENTS] [SINGLE SELECT] [RANDOMIZED] 

GenderId. Which of the following do you most identify with? 

  1. Male 
  2. Female 
  3. Genderqueer 
  4. Non-Binary 
  5. Prefer to self-describe, please specify: [OPEN END] [ANCHOR] 
  6. Prefer not to answer [ANCHOR] 

Sexual orientation 

[ASKED OF ALL RESPONDENTS] [SINGLE SELECT] [MAINTAIN ORDER] 

SexualOrientation. Do you identify as Lesbian, Gay, Queer, Bisexual, Pansexual, or Asexual?  

  1. Yes 
  2. No 
  3. Other 
  4. Prefer not to answer 

Identity 

[ASKED OF ALL RESPONDENTS] [MULTI SELECT] [MAINTAIN ORDER] 

Identity. Do you identify as any of the following? Select all that apply. 

  1. Transgender 
  2. Intersex 
  3. Two Spirit 
  4. Prefer not to answer [EXCLUSIVE] 
  5. None of the above [EXCLUSIVE] 
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